Their root systems are very shallow causing them to dry out sooner than more deep rooted shrubs. Amending the soil wider than deep and mulching 2-3 inches deep will help accommodate their spreading root system.
Be careful not to overwater or underwater and spend an extra couple seconds to evaluate the water needs. As with all broadleaf evergreens, azaleas and rhododendrons like consistent moisture. Also, if the soil has too high of a moisture content for too long it is detrimental. Maintaining a fine balance, especially while the plant is getting established, is necessary for the plants survival and well being. When fertilizing, it is best to use a fertilizer with an acidic component added. It is recommended that a one time a year application of slow release azalea/rhododendron fertilizer is topdressed around the root system in the spring.

Most insect pests and deer tend to leaves azaleas and rhododendrons alone, with a few exceptions. Azaleas can be attacked by lacewing bugs, which are characterized by small pale yellow dappled spots from them feeding on the undersides of the leaves. Spider Mites, may attack azaleas as well, especially in drier areas. These pests can be controlled by labeled pesticides.